Ensino sobre dermatite associada à incontinência subsidiado pela metodologia da problematização / Teaching about incontinence-associated dermatitis informed by problematization methodology / La enseñanza sobre dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia subsidiada por la metodología de la problematización

Objetivo: avaliar de modo formativo um processo de intervenção educativa sobre dermatite associada à incontinência com profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital público. Método: estudo de intervenção educativa, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em 2017, com sete profissionais da equipe de enfermagem do setor de clínica médica, de um hospital universitário da Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Investigada amostra não probabilística por conveniência. Os encontros foram gravados na sua totalidade em áudio e para tratamento dos dados utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Estudo aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: nos depoimentos foram identificadas as seguintes categorias temáticas: curiosidade epistemológica, pesquisa/investigação, avaliação e alegria. Conclusão: os participantes relataram ter compreendido o tema, bem como afirmaram que a condução dos encontros ocorreu de forma eficiente, alegre e dinâmica. Destaca-se que os profissionais realizaram discussão sobre o problema, mobilizando o grupo para reflexão e mudança das práticas de cuidados em saúde.

Objective: to evaluate as training a process of educational intervention on incontinence-associated dermatitis with nursing professionals from a public hospital. Method: qualitative, educational intervention study conducted in 2017 with seven internal medicine nursing professionals at a university hospital in the Midwest region of Brazil, using a non-probabilistic convenience sample. The meetings were recorded in their entirety in audio, and the data were treated using the content analysis technique. The study was approved by the research ethics committee. Results: the following thematic categories were identified: epistemological curiosity, research/investigation, evaluation, and joy. Conclusion: the participants reported having understood the subject, and stated that the meetings were conducted efficiently, cheerfully and dynamically. Note that the professionals discussed the problem, which mobilized the group to think about and change health care practices.

Objetivo: evaluar de modo formativo un proceso de intervención educativa sobre dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia con profesionales de enfermería de un hospital público. Método: estudio de intervención educativa, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado en 2017, junto a siete profesionales del equipo de enfermería del sector de clínica médica, de un hospital universitario de la región del Centro Oeste de Brasil, siendo la muestra no probabilística por conveniencia. Todos los encuentros fueron grabados en audio y, para el tratamiento de los datos, se utilizó la técnica del análisis de contenido. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: por los testimonios, se identificaron las siguientes categorías temáticas: curiosidad epistemológica, encuesta/investigación, evaluación y alegría. Conclusión: los participantes relataron haber comprendido el tema, afirmaron que los encuentros fueron conducidos de forma eficiente, alegre y dinámica. Se resalta que los profesionales realizaron discusiones sobre el problema, movilizando al grupo para la reflexión y el cambio de las prácticas de cuidados en salud.

Dermatosis perineal y glútea en un paciente paliativo con rápida respuesta a tratamiento oral / Perineal and gluteal dermatosis in a palliative patient with rapid response to oral treatment

Los pacientes con enfermedades terminales presentan frecuentes y diversos problemas de la piel debido a sus enfermedades de base y complicaciones de su situación: encamamiento, inmovilidad, malnutrición, incontinencia, etc. Estas lesiones ocasionan importante sufrimiento por el dolor, prurito, incomodidad, alteración de la imagen corporal y falta de intimidad. Por lo tanto, su abordaje eficaz por los médicos de cuidados paliativos es prioritario. En algún caso es posible conseguir un tratamiento causal efectivo en el corto periodo de tiempo disponible como demuestra el paciente descrito

Patients with terminal disease frecuently present various skin problems due to their underlying disease and complications of their clinical situation: bed-ridden, immobility, malnutrition, incontinence, etc. These lesions commonly produce significant suffering because of pain, itching, discomfort, body image distortion and lack of intimacy. Thus, an effective management of these by palliative care is prioritary. Occasionally, a specific treatment efficacious in the short time avalilable is possible as the present case shows

La Primera Guerra Mundial: el amanecer de las transfusiones sanguíneas / First World War: the dawn of blood transfusions

En 1914 el infierno se afloró en Europa y se extendió a una buena parte del mundo. La capacidad destructiva del hombre para con el hombre llegó a niveles insospechados. Centenares de miles de bajas precisaban atención sanitaria urgente en cada campaña. Esta enorme demanda hizo que en apenas cinco años la Medicina avanzara lo que en otra situación hubiera necesitado muchas décadas. El tratamiento quirúrgico de las heridas, el tratamiento protésico, la cirugía plástica, la radiología y la anestesia fueron los campos donde se avanzó más. Sin embargo, probablemente uno de los mayores hitos alcanzados en este periodo, y seguramente uno de los de más trascendencia, fue el desarrollo de la terapia transfusional. En pocos años pasó de ser una técnica de «científicos extraños» a ser una herramienta terapéutica indispensable. Aquí se describe el camino hacia la consecución y sus protagonistas

In 1914, hell broke out in Europe and spread to much of the world. The destructive capacity of man against man reached unsuspected levels. Hundreds of thousands of casualties needed urgent health care in each campaign. This enormous demand meant that in just five years, medicine would advance what in another situation would have needed many decades. Surgical treatment of wounds, orthopedic treatment, plastic surgery, radiology and anesthesia were the fields where more progress was made. However, probably one of the major milestones reached in this period of time, and certainly one of the most transcendent, was the development of blood transfusion. In a few years it went from being a technique of "strange scientists" to become essential. Here we describe the path to achievement and its main characters

Granuloma Glutaeale Infantum: A Re-emerging Complication of Diaper Dermatitis.

Granuloma gluteale infantum is a rare nodular complication of irritant diaper dermatitis. The association of this condition with the widespread use of nondisposable cloth diapers has been increasingly recognized. We present the case of an 18-month-old girl with granuloma gluteale infantum. Our aims are to emphasize the importance of clinical recognition of this re-emerging complication of diaper dermatitis and to point out the potential role of topical calcineurin inhibitors as a treatment option.

Differential Diagnosis of Diaper Dermatitis.

Mild diaper dermatitis often occurs in children before toilet training is complete, particularly from 9 to 12 months of age, and the most common presentation is an irritant contact dermatitis. Diaper dermatitis may account for up to 25% of dermatology visits to health care providers during the first year of life. Fortunately, since the introduction of hypoallergenic, superabsorbent modern disposable diapers, the incidence and severity of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis has decreased dramatically. Diaper dermatitis broadly refers to skin disorders that occur in the diaper area, such as skin eruptions triggered by diapers, rashes exacerbated by the diaper, and other events that occur in the diaper area. A number of skin conditions that can occur anywhere on the skin may present with distinctive findings in the diaper area. The following discussion will review the most common triggers of diaper dermatitis and contact irritant dermatitis, while focusing on the skin conditions that may be associated or overlap clinically with contact dermatitis.

Cas 2015.3. Lactant de 9 mesos amb lesió perianal / No disponible

No disponible

Case report: Diaper dermatitis presenting as pustules.

Diaper dermatitis is the most common dermatologic disorder of infancy. Its cause can often be determined clinically based on the clinical presentation. Primary diaper dermatitis is associated with irritants and spares the deep skin folds. Secondary diaper dermatitis is most often caused by Candida yeast overgrowth and typically presents as a well-defined area of beefy red erythema covering the diaper area and including the deep folds of skin with hallmark satellite pustules. Other causes include seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, acrodermatitis enteropathica, allergic contact dermatitis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and, in the setting of a primarily pustular eruption, bacterial folliculitis. A simple potassium hydroxide preparation (KOH) can confirm the diagnosis of candida diaper dermatitis and guide proper treatment.

Dermatitis de contacto de «Lucky Luke» por pañales / «Lucky Luke» contact dermatitis from diapers

No disponible

No disponible

Giant condyloma with demise secondary to meningococcemia in an infant boy.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease among adults in the USA; however, the presence of HPV in infants is rare. Condyloma acuminata, a cutaneous, fungating lesion caused by HPV, has a generally mild course that often resolves spontaneously or can be managed both medically and surgically. Typical treatments for condyloma include imiquimoid cream, podofilox gel, podophyllin resin, cryotherapy, laser surgery, tangential shave excision, and electrocautery. Rapidly progressing condyloma acuminata followed by a fatal course of Neisseria meningitis in an infant is an extremely rare presentation that merits further investigation into possible immunologic etiology. A 7-month-old circumcised Caucasian boy presented with a rapidly progressing giant penile condyloma acuminatum. This is the youngest documented case of this type. Refractory to medical and surgical treatments, this otherwise apparently healthy child was referred to pediatric immunology. Normal complete blood count led to deferment, suggesting further medical and surgical treatment. Five days after such treatment, the baby presented with progressive systemic rash, fever and tachycardia. The patient died from meningococcemia. This case serves as a warning concerning the course of condyloma in infants. Immunologic investigation may be critically important in young patients refractory to designated treatments for condyloma.

Fournier's gangrene in childhood: a report of 3 infant patients.

Fournier's gangrene is uncommon in pediatric age group, and little is known about the disease in the newborn period and infancy. Three patients, aged 10 days, 14, and 17 months, with Fournier's gangrene, were treated in our hospital. The predisposing factors were prematurity, a diaper rash, and varicella infection, respectively. Especially, prematurity and diaper rash are rare predisposing factors in the pediatric population; therefore, high index of suspicion, prompt diagnosis, conservative surgery, and multidisciplinary approach are the mainstays of management in children with Fournier's gangrene.

Two cases of Cushing's syndrome due to overuse of topical steroid in the diaper area.

Topical use of corticosteroids may cause immunosuppression and iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome via hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We report two cases with iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome with different clinical outcomes due to abuse of same potent topical steroid clobetasol propionate. One of them died because of fatal disseminated cytomegalovirus infection. The other patient recovered completely. Physicians and parents should be informed about the adverse effects of such potent topical corticosteroids and physicians should prescribe less potent agents, especially during infancy.

Diabetic ketoacidosis in toddler with a diaper rash.

The term diabetes does not denote a single disease entity but rather a clinical syndrome. Fundamental to all types of diabetes is impairment of insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta cells. Diabetes is divided into (1) diabetes associated with certain syndromes or conditions, (2) gestational diabetes, (3) non-insulin-dependent diabetes or type 2 diabetes, and (4) insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) or type 1 diabetes. The impairment of insulin secretion seen in diabetes is due to progressive loss of pancreatic beta-cell function secondary to an autoimmune-mediated process. Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder of childhood (2). We present a patient with a common finding in children, diaper candidiasis. Surprisingly, our patient was found to have IDDM and be in diabetic ketoacidosis.

Psoriasis en la infancia / Psoriasis in childhood

La psoriasis es una enfermedad crónica inflamatoria de la piel que afecta a un 2-3% de la población general. Aproximadamente, en uno de cada tres pacientes comienza en la edad infantil, y supone el 4% de todas las enfermedades de la piel del niño. La cara y las zonas de los pliegues se ven afectadas con frecuencia, y además son áreas especialmente sensibles a los efectos adversos de los corticoides tópicos. Los inhibidores de la calcineurina tópicos suponen una opción eficaz y segura en el tratamiento de la psoriasis invertida en niños(AU)

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects 2% to 3% of the population. Approximately one-third of the patients note its onset during childhood, and it accounts for 4%of the cutaneous disorders in children. The face and intertriginous areas are often involved, and they are particularly sensitive to the adverse effects of steroid use. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are an effective and safe option for the treatment of inverse psoriasis in children(AU)